Wejiyada Isbeddelaya ee Odayaasha Dhaqanka Puntland

Isimadu waxay muddo dheer laf dhabar u ahaayeen qaab dhismeedka bulshada Soomaaliyeed, arrintaasi waxay keentay in odayaashu ay saameyn ballaaran oo dhinac kasta ah ku lahaadaan nolosha bulshada. Dowladnimada yabyabka ah ee Soomaaliya loo dhisayona, waxay ku leeyihiin door weyn oo ayba iyagu yihiin cidda sharciyadda siisa baarlamaannada Soomaaliya ka jira dhammaantood marka laga reebo Somaliland oo doorashooyin dadweyne hirgelisay. Intaas waxaa dheer oo bogaadin mudan, in isimadu ay qeyb ka qaataan horumarinta adeegyada bulshada.

Puntland iyadu waa meelaha sida gaarka ah ay isimadu u leeyihiin awood muuqata, saameyntoodu waxay kasoo bilaabatay aasaaskii dowladnimada Puntland oo ay dadkii dhidibada u taageen ka mid ahaayeen. Isimadu waxay shirguddoomiyeen shirkii aasaaska, isla iyaga ayaana soo xulay xildhibaannadii koowaad ee doortay madaxweynihii koowaad. Walow axdigii aasaaska Puntland uu dhigayay in saddex sano kadib aasaaska la hirgeliyo doorashooyin dadweyne oo la gudbo xulidda odayaasha, nasiibdarro arrintaasi ma suurtogelin ilaa manta oo aasaaskii laga joogo ku dhawaaad nus qarni.

Fashilkaas siyaasiga ah ee siyaasiyiintu ku fashilmeen in doorashooyin dadweyne la hirgeliyo, wuxuu sii naaxiyay awooddii isimada oo iyagu maanta soo xula xildhibaanada iyo golayaasha deegaanka! Haddana waxay ku darsadeen inay marooqsadeen awoodihii kale ee dowladda, oo ayba iyagu maanta burin karaan digreeto madaxweyne soo saaray.

Isbeddellada ku dhacay odayaasha dhaqanka:

Tayadooda oo hoos u dhacday

Isinnimada inteeda badan waxay ku socotaa qaab dhaxaltooyo ah [Ogaalkayga beesha Reer Xirsi, Cumar Maxamuud, Majeerteen ayaa ah cidda kaliya ee dhaqankeeda tayo ku xulata] Sida caadada ahse waa in isin kasta marka ay tii Alle u timaaddo, saldanadiisii uu dhaxlaa wiilashiisa kan ugu weyn ama kan ugu roon. Arrintaasi waxay keentaa in mar mar badan ay dhabowdo oraahdii Soomaaliyeed ee aheyd “Hebel isma dhalin” oo ay taladii gacanta u gasho wiil aan gashan karin kabihii odayga, aanna xiran karin koofiyaddii duqa.

Isimadii Puntland ee xilkasnimada lagu yaqaannay, waxaa kusoo fatahmay mowjado tayoxumo ah oo ka imaanaya jiilka cusub ee isimada ah, iyo kuwii hore intii ka nool oo noqday bartii yaqaan aan la jaanqaadi karin horumarrada dowladeed ee la hirgelin karo. Arrimahaas iyo kuwa kale oo tusaalayaal loo heli karoba waxay hoos u dhigeen tayadii hoggaanka dhaqanka, kadibna waxaa dheelli weyni ku yimi go’aamada ay gaarayaan oo u muuqda kuwo aan laga fiirsan kuna fadhiyin xikmad iyo xirrib odayeed.

Wacyigooda oo liita

Qodobkale oo ay tahay in la xuso, waa wacyiga isimada oo hoos-u-dhac weyni ku yimi, maadaama magaaloowgii uu xowli u faafay oo bulshda loo talinayay intoodii miisaanka laheyd ay magaalo soo galeen, odayaashii waxay usoo guureen magaaladii iyada oo barkood aysan ogaal magaalo laheyn! Dhanka kalena, korriimada dowladnimada ku socota ayay ka hareen maadaama fahankooda dowladnimo oo markii horeba iska koobnaa, haddana aan helin cid wax ku biirisa! Fahankoodu ma dhaafsiisna xildhibaan la xulay, wiil jifida ah oo kursi looga baryay madaxweynaha jooga, wiil abti loo yahay oo kursi loo xiray, wiil adeer loo yahay oo loo ololeeyay iyo mid la necebyahay oo saxiixa loo diiday.

Kaalintoodii doorashadii 2019

Isimadu waxay si daran ugu milmeen doorashadii ugu danbeysay ee Puntland ka dhacday, taasina waxay mar kale muujisay sida ay siyaasiyiin u noqdeen oo uu u doorsoomay wajigii aan ku barannay ee kan dhaqan ahaa.

Isimada Gobolka Nugaal oo doorashadii 2019 si aan ka fiirsi lahayn ugu milmay aan tusaale usoo qaadanno. Isimada Gobolka Nugaal, oo aan markaan ula jeedo labada isin ee Ciise Maxamuud, waxay qaadeen tillaabo dad badan oo aan anigu ku jiro la yaab ku noqotay! Shantii xildhibaan ee beeshaasi lahayd iyo labo kale oo ay leeyihiin beelo kale oo Nugaal deggan ayay si nin jeclaysi ah u xuleen, iyaga ka fiirinaya hal tayo ama hal ballanqaad oo ah inay musharrax Deni codka siinayaan. Arrintaas labo sababood baa loo yeelay, midda koowaadi waa inay jirto is heyn ku qotonta xifaaltan miirqab ka maran oo damac shakhsiyadeed ku dhisan, oo ka dhexeeyay iyaga iyo Boqor Burhaan, tan labaadina waa inay isimadu taladoodii ay gacanta u galiyeen mooryaanta Aaranjaan oo dhab ahaan go’aankaba isimada loo gaaro, maadaama nimankaasi ay Deni dhisayeen saasaa odayaasha ku khasabtay inay codadka beeshooda aysan ku saleyn matalaad bulsho iyo rabitaanka beelaha! Nasiibdarro, arrintaasi waxay keentay in beeshu aysan maanta matalaad micno leh ku dhex lahayn golaha wakiillada Puntland! Adiguba caqli baad leedahaye maxay tahay mataaladda laga sugayo ninka xilka lagu siiyay Deni u codee, markii ay codeeyeen bay dayaameen intoodii badnayd, markaasaa mid la ceyriyay, mid la deyriyay, inta kalena baarlamaanka waa dhex joogaan ma se arag micno ay la dhex fadhiyaan!

Sababo dhaqaale

Dhibaato kale oo baahsan oo odayaasha marada ka tuurtay waa damac dhaqaale! Dhammaantood ma ahan, balse qeybo badan oo kamid ah waxaa looga faa’iideystay oo go’aamadoodii loo majara habaabiyay waa dano dhaqaale.

Waayadii hore waxaa jiray dhaqan lama dhaafaan ah oo dhigayay in isinka markii lagu caanoshubo loo xoolo-gooyo taasi waxay keenaysay in isinka go’aamadiisa aan la saameyn! Dhaqankaas oo meeshii ka baxay iyo odayadii oo magaalo soo galay gacmihii baa is dhaafay, taasina wajigii dhaqan ee aan naqaanay waa ay dhaawacday.

Arrintaas waxaa tusaale u noqon kara, sida doorashada dadban ee hadda socota odayada loo saameeyay oo qeybtood la sheegayo inay lacago qaateen si ay u tuuraan qofkii beeshu isku soo raacday, qeybtoodna ay reeraha dusha ka saareen mudanayaal aan la rabin si ay u gaareen danahooda maaddiga ah.

Cadaalad-darro

Ujeedka guud ee oday dhaqameed loogu caanoshubo waa inuu xal u raadiyo khilaafaadka soo dhexgalo reerkiisa iyo dadka kale, sidoo kale waa inuu u cadaalad sameeyo reerka dhexdiisa. Odayaasha maanta jira waxay u muuqataa inay arrintaas ku fashilmeen maadaama hadda xaalku marayo in jifi kasta isin sameysato iyadoo ka cabanaysa cadaalad-darro uu sameeyay isinkii guud. Waxaan tusaale usoo qaadan karnaa, isimada beesha Cumar Maxamuud oo hadda tusbax furtay noqday, waxaa hadda dhabbahaas cagta saaray beesha Ciise Maxamuud oo iyaguna saddexdii bilood oo ugu danbeysay saddex isin oo cusub caleemosaaray. In jifiyihii sidaas u kala tagaan waxaa sababteeda leh isimadii hore oo eex laga tirsaday. Anigu waxaan qabaa in isin la badiyo uusan xalku ku jirin, ee ay tahay in awoodda la geliyo sidii loo tayeyn lahaa hay’adaha dowladda loogana maarmi lahaa awoodaha isinku dowladda ku dhex leeyahay. Haddii taasi dhacdo reer walba nabaddoon dantooda hoose ka shaqeeya baa ku filnaan doona.

Ku milankooda siyaasadda

Odayaashu waxay aad ugu milmeen siyaasaddi ilaa heer aad ka shakiyayso magaca siyaasi iyo kan isin kaad ugu yeerayso! Sideedaba dhaqanku waa nin mar lagu caanoshubay oo sida kaliya ee loo beddeli karo ay tahay inay tii Allle u timaaddo, ma dhacdo in isin laga xayuubiyo xasaanadda. Taasi waxay ka micno tahay in isinku ilaashado saldanadaas aan dhicin, uusannna dhex dabaalan mulki siysaadeed oo muddo kooban jiraya.

Waa iyaga iyo Allahoode, waxay weriyeen in Boqor Burhaan uu doorashadii 2019 ololaha dhinaciisa ka galay, isaga oo xilka u raadinaya wiilka uu adeerka u yahay ee Asad Diyaano, uma se suurtogelin inuu wiilka xilka saaro! Waxaa cajiib ah in ku dhawaad 10 kamid ah musharaxiintii hoolka gashay ay ahaayeen jifida boqorka, Cismaan Maxamuud, waa wax aan la fahmi karin sida uu ugu kala eexday ragga uu isinka u wada yahay, waxaa se jirta baa la yiri in boqorku iyo wiilku ay qoys hoose isla yihiin.

Waxaa xusid mudan inaan dad kasoo xiganayo in boqorku maalmihii doorashadu soo dhawaatay uu ololaha ka baxay, oo uu dhex noqday, waa se goor xeero iyo fandhaal kala dhaceen! Anoo taas maanka ku haya, baan haddana la yaabay sida uu boqorku ula kala saftay taliyaha PSF Maxamuud diyaano iyo madaxweyne Deni markii ay is qabteen.

Isku milanka wadaadada iyo isimada

Khatar kale oo ay tahay in lagu baraarugo waa isdhexqaadka dhaqanka iyo wadaadada! Wadaadada oo awalba haystay kaalin lama taabtaan ah oo aan la dhaleecayn karin, ayaa haddana raadsaday isinnimadii oo iyaduna deegaannada Puntland ka ah martabad aan la dhaliili karin.

Arrintaasi waa khatar aan la xakamayn doonin haddaan hadda la kala weecin! Waxaan sidaas u leeyahay waa damaca waalan ee wadaadadu u qabaan inay mar xukunka hantaan. Wadaadada deegaanku waxay ka simri la’yihiin jabkii loo geystay waayadii ay damceen inay dhulkaas si qaabdaran uga taliyaan, waa jabkii kasoo raacay dagaalkii Saliid.

Inta dowladnimadeenna oday dhaqameedku jaangooyo waxaa ila habboon in wadaad iyo dhaqan la kala ilaaliyo! Waa labo awoodood oo qofkii isla hela uu keligii-talis isaga dillaacayo haddduu awooddii siyaasadeedna la helo, wadaaduna sababta dhaqanka u gelayaan waa inay ka dhabbeeyaan hayaankooda xukundoonka ah.

Xallinta khilaafaadka siyaasadeed

Odayaashu sidoo kale waxay ku fashilmeen xallinta khilaafaadka siyaasadda. Sideedaba odayadu ma ahan inay galaan arrin siyaasaddeed, wixii siyaasad la xiriira xalkeedu wuxuu u yaallaa masuuliyiinta loo doortay dowladda! Balse maadaama Buntilaantii noqotay digsi dabka saaran oo qofkasta markiisa qaadada geliyo, odayaashuna digsiga markooda ayay walaaqaan!

Aasaaskii dowladnimada Puntland ayaa odayaashu qaateen kaalin aad u ballaaran waana ku ammaananyihiin intooda nooli, inta dhimatayna Eebbe haka ajarsiiyo. Balse waxaa farsamoxumo ah in odayaashu ilaa maanta ay rabaan kaalintii ay aasaaska lahaayeen. Waxaa la rabaa cid dhiirran oo odayaasha runta u sheegta oo ku dhahda dowladnimada dhubuqdhubuqda ka daaya, sidoo kale waxaa aad loogu baahanyihiin siyaasiyiin waxgarad ah oo dhisa nidaam dowladeed oo odayaasha looga maarmo.

Haddiiba odayaashu u kaceen xal u raadinta khilaafaadka siyaasiga ah waxay aheyd inay marka hore fursad siiyaan siyaasiyiinta si khilaafkaas xal siyaasadeed looga gaaro, nasiibxumo waayadan taas ma sameeyaan oo iyagaa xalka marka koowaadba go’aan ka gaara! Arrintaasi waxay kasoo horjeeddaa sida dhaqankii hore lagu yaqaannay ee aheyd in odayadu ay lahaayeen guddoonka xaajada, rogrogidda xaalkana loo deyn jiray dadka kale ee xaajadu khusayso. Arrintaasi waxay la xiriirtaa dhaqanka reeraha, balse maadaama dowladnimadii Buntilaanta iyo dhaqankii loo kala caal waayay bal inay rogrogidda xaajada dowladda u daayaan bay aheyd.

Aan tusaale u soo qaadanno sida odayaashu u wajaheen xallinta rabshaddii ka dhalatay markii agaasimaha PSF Janan Maxamuud Diyaano uu diiday digreetadii madaxweyne Siciid Deni xilka kaga qaaday. Odayaashu iyaga oo aan sugin xal siyaasadeed oo dowladda iyo siyaasiyiintu raadiyaan ayay soo saareen waraaq dadka qaarkiis ku sheegeen inay dabka hurisay, anigu se aanan dhaheyn dabkay hurisay balse waxay aheyd waraaq kala fogeysay dowladdii iyo sargaalkii markaas amardiidka ahaa, waana qabaa in laga maarmi karay soo saarista xaanshidaas. Mashaqo kadib, odayaashu warqad kale ayay soo saareen oo meeshii laga sugaayay xal u raadinta shaqaaqadii PSF, waxayba fureen furimo hor leh oo khilaaf keenay lagana maarmi karay in lagu dhexfuro howshii socotay. Waxaa la yaab leh oo caddeynaysa in dhaqanka Puntland uu noqday lugtii jeeniga dhaaftay, qodob odayaashu soo saareen oo sheegayay in 17% dakhliga Boosaaso kasoo xarooda loo jaro degmada Boosaaso, runtii Boosaaso waa mudantahay in loo qoondeeyo miisaaniyad horumarin, waxaa se la dhegofaaray markay dhaheen lacagtana annagaa maamulaynna! Oo haddii dowladdu aysan maamuli karin cashuurtii ay ururisay maxay dowlad ka tahay.

Howlgabnimada siyaasiyiinta

Waxaasoo mushkilo ah oo dhaqanku dowladnimada u geystay ama ku hayo waxaa fududeeyay howlgabnimqda siyaasiyiinta Puntland. Dhammaan madaxdii Puntland soo martay waxay ku fashilmeen inay deegaanka gaarsiiyeen nidaam doorasho xisbiyo badan oo awoodda kusoo celin lahaa dadweynaha, taasi waxay xal u keeni laheyd in meesha laga saaro awoodda odayaashu ku gorgortamayaan ee ah inay soo xulayaan xildhibaannada baarlamaanka iyo goleyaasha deegaanka. Sidoo kale, madaxdu waxay ku fashilmeen inay dhisaan nidaam garsoor oo lagu kalsoonaan karo lagagana maarmi karo in odayaashu soo dhexgalaan arrimaha garsoorka.

Doorasho iyo garsoor kaliya ma ahane, qodobkasta oo dowladnimada wanaag u noqon lahaa inay si dhammeystiran u hirgeliyaan waa ku fashilmeen. Meelkasta waxbaa qabyo ka ah Puntland, waxaan qabaa Puntland ilaa markii la aasaasay inaysan helin madaxweyne dhismaheeda si weyn isugu howla. Malaha dhanka dhismaha dowladnimada waxaa ugu dadaal badnaa Madaxweyne Faroole oo wax weyn ka qabtay qabyotirta qalfoofta dowladnimada ma se idlayn. Isagana waxaa dadaalkiisii kala dhantaalay macangagnimo shakhsi oo dadkii ku dirtay xitaa isaga oo wanaag wada, kalaqeybsan bulshada ka dhex-abuurmay iyo dowladdiisii oo gobollada qeybtood eedo ka tirsadeen, ma se xaqiijin karo inay wax ka jiraan eedahaas.

Madaxweyne Cabdullaahi Yuusuf, Alle Ha U Naxariisto, inkastoo uu lahaa bilowga dhismaha hay’adaha dowliga ah balse wax badan kama qaban inuu ka shaqeysiiyo hay’adda dowladda, hankiisu markasta waa kasii jeeday Puntland. Madaxweyne Cadde Muuse, Alle Ha U Naxariisto, isna wuxuu maamuli waayay isu dheellitirka wixii dowladdii TFG ee Cabdullaahi hoggaaminayay ka rabtay Puntland iyo dhab ahaan waxa Puntland ku biirin kartay hayaankaas. Wuxuu isku dayay in Puntland ay bixiso wax ka badan wixii ay bixin kartay, dhabar jab weyn ayaana ku yimi dowladnimadii Puntland ilaa midnimadeeda bulsho iyo mideeda dhuleed ba uu dhaawac weyni gaaray. Wuu se ku ammaananyahay inuu garab istaag u muujiyay dhismaha dowlad Soomaaliyeed oo federaali ah.

Madaxweyne Cabdiweli Gaas dadka la dhacsani waxay ku qiimeeyaan inuu horumarinta kaabayaasha-dhaqaalaha Puntland wax ka qabtay, waa waxqabad wanaagsan. Waxaa se xusid mudan, inuu fadhiid ka dhigay hay’adaha dowladda iyo inuu sii ballaariyay musuqmaasuqii hantidii umadda lagu hayay.

Madaxweyne Siciid Deni, inkastoo uu dhaliishii Cabdullaahi leeyahay oo uu kasii jeedo Puntland, waxbadan ayuu ka qabtay hirgelinta nidaamka dimuqraadiyadda, dhismaha ciidamada, dhismaha kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha iyo kor-u-qaadida miisaanka siyaasadeed ee Puntland. Nasiibxumo, waxqabadkiisii ugu micnaha badnaa ee ka dhabeynta hayaanka dimoqraadiyadda Puntland isaga ayaa ku dhuftay dhaawac uusan isagu xitaa hadda daweyn karin.

Xalka

Shaqada koowaad oo ay tahay in la qabto waa in wacyigelin ballaaran la sameeyo iyadoo odayaasha la tusayo inay bad ku dhexjiraan. Sidoo kale, waa in la abuuro wacyi bulsho oo suurtogelin kara in sida ay siyaasiyiinta u dhaliilayaan si lamid ah u dhaliilaan odayaasha dhaqanka maalinka ay galaan wax aan shaqadooda. Haddii xaaladdu saan ku socota odayaashana aan la sixin, waxaan ka cabsi qabaa inay iyaguna is gaarsiiyaan martibaddii culimadu ay isku difaaci jireen marka fikirkooda la dhaleeceeyo ee aheyd “Hilibka Culimadu waa suumeysanyahay”!

Waxaa kaloo baraarujin mudan in beeluhu marka koowaad ay isimada u xoola gooyaan, si looga hortago isin jeebka u gala nin siyaasi ah oo noqda makarafuun siyaasigu hadalkiisa dhexmarsado. Waana in beeluhu ay ka fiirsadaan dadka ay dhaqanka ka dhiganayaan oo aysan ku xulin inuu iyaga xaqooda usoo dhiciyo oo kaliya, ee waa in sidoo kale laga fiiriyo waxa uu ku darsan karo wanaagga guud ee bulshada.

Madaxda dowladda iyo siyaasiyiintana waxaa laga rabaa inay si dhab ah waqti u geliyaan dhismaha nidaamka dowliga ah iyo ka shaqeysiinta hay’adaha dowladda ee magac-u-yaalka noqday. Waa in la abuuro nidaam dowladeed oo lagu kalsoonaan karo loogana maarmi karo kaalinta siyaasadeed ee dhaqanka. 

Email: Abdullahisanco@gmail.com

Twitter @abdullahi_sanco

Puntland Budget Execution: Key Underlying Challenges and Ways Forward

 

Puntland is in the throes of a severe economic crisis. In light of the ramifications of this crisis, I dissect the key challenges to implementing Puntland's budget, and attempt to discuss the ways forward.

Challenges

Poor budget planning, preparation and participation: Budget planning and preparation are the cornerstones of an efficient public expenditure management. In Puntland, the ministry does not provide sufficient time for budget preparation and planning which makes the implementation phase difficult. In addition, although the responsibility for preparing the budget usually lies with the ministry of finance with input from the line ministries, it is a sheer lunacy in the budgeting system that the Ministry of Finance does not provide adequate timeframes for consultation with other ministries. Furthermore, the House of Representatives failed to live up to the expectations of the public and hold public hearings.

Lack of prioritization and fiscal responsibility: An efficient budget should aim at making the government's priorities clear, but in Puntland context, it is apparent that there is lack of allocative efficiency which resulted in the disbursement of public funds to non-essential activities. In the fiscal year 2019, Puntland TV was allocated $54,500 per month while the Ministry of Environment, Agriculture and Climate Change was planned to receive only $25,524. That is a prime example of resource misallocation and fiscal irresponsibility.

Biased forecasts: Biased forecasts are also a reason for setting budgets that do not reflect the state’s economic situation. This means that most of Puntland's budget may be based on inconsistent macroeconomic assumptions. For example, the current tax system exposes dearth of an in-depth financial assessment before taxes are set, which led to the imposition of exorbitant taxes. Punitive taxes imposed on businessmen have resulted in the closure of many businesses, the loss of many jobs, and exacerbation of financial woes.

Corruption: Widespread corruption hinders Puntland’s budget implementation, erodes people's trust in the ministry and its leadership, and undermines the financial stability. In Puntland, ‘FADLAN’ corruption has become a norm, and this malpractice means that anyone who is ordered by the president or the finance minister to be paid  will get paid without checking whether this order is in line with the budget.

Lack of staff motivation: Lack of motivation and lower salaries for the Ministry of Finance revenue collection staff have led to significant delays in staff performance and revenue collection. It is noteworthy that sometimes staff are not paid for certain months. Therefore, you can imagine the consequences of not paying your employees and expecting all collected revenues to be transferred to the ministry's banks or relevant offices.

Lack of monitoring and review: Another critical aspect for the proper execution of the budget is monitoring and review. The ministry's budget department rarely produces two reports that may be intended for monitoring; however, these reports do not cover all issues affecting the budget and the government's finances in general. In the last few years, no one has held the ministry accountable for how it has implemented the approved budget and how it manages the entire state’s finance including the lingering currency crisis.

Ineffective audit: The Office of the Auditor General has become incompetent and that has severely damaged the accountability of the state's financial institutions. Having an effective oversight and audit is a key step to achieving financial transparency, inclusive growth and preventing loss of revenues.

Weak leadership and institutional capacity:  Overall the capability of the state's financial institutions to have the capacity to formulate strategies and policies is terribly weak. While writing this article, a friend of mine told me that seminars designed to improve the capacity of the ministry staff benefitted people who were not the right ones for the trainings. Currently, the Ministry of Finance has reached the nadir of its weaknesses owing to its inept minister who has neither the knowledge nor the skills to manage the payroll for a small business, let alone to direct the state’s fiscal policies. Apart from that, the ministry has several professional consultants and competent staff who could do much to improve public financial management under the right leadership.

Limited revenue sources: the scarcity of sources hampers the proper budget preparation and implementation. It is a pity that, with around three-quarters of the total budget being subsidized by foreign governments, our government has never considered creating new sources of revenue other than raising taxes.

The Way Forward

Reforms in the revenue collection and expenditure management: Reforming and modernizing the revenue collection system will help raise more revenue to finance essential social services, as well as facilitating financial transparency and accountability. Therefore, it is vital to carry out major reforms in expenditure management and resource allocation to lay the foundations for sound financial discipline and efficient service delivery.

Installing Robust IFMIS (Integrated Financial Management Information Systems): IFMIS is an approach that allows all revenues and expenses to be managed in one suite of applications. It will enable the transparent use of public resources through increased visibility of financial transactions and the reduction of extravagant use of public resources. Installing sound IFMIS systems can play an indispensable role in empowering the government to gain effective control over their finances, boost integrity and combat corruption.

Effective parliamentary oversight of budget implementation: In recent years, parliamentary oversight of budget management has been poor. To deal with the current rampant corruption, an effective parliamentary oversight must be put in place as it is crucial to implementing the budget and ensuring efficient service delivery to citizens.

Leadership and Institutional capacity: The ministry of finance suffers from low institutional capacity, with most of the ministry workforce lacking the tools and trainings needed to perform the duties. To overcome these barriers, it is necessary to map out policies and procedures to improve the knowledge, skills, and the competencies of the staff. Another step that must be taken is to replace the ministry's leadership since they failed to address the challenges plaguing the ministry.

The fight against grand corruption and kleptocracy: Rooting out institutional corruption requires installing more transparent financial system, publication of user-friendly citizen’s budgets, building strong and independent audit, capacity building of the staff and reform of the recruitment system, strengthening parliament's budgetary oversight, criminalizing kleptocracy, combating improper awarding of contracts and formulating anti-corruption policies. I firmly believe that corruption, which is currently a major hindrance to budget implementation, will decrease if we put all the above steps into effect.

In conclusion, there is a need for the government to address the key underlying challenges, and for that to materialize, the current leadership has to deliver the implementation of reforms that support improving Puntland’s public financial system.

Email: Abdullahisanco@gmail.com

Twitter @abdullahi_sanco

 

Faallo iyo Falanqeyn: Hadaljeedintii Madaxweyne Siciid Cabdullaahi Deni ee PDRC Talks.

Hay’adda Cilmibaarista PDRC ee xarunteedu tahay magaalada Garoowe oo ah hay’adaha cilmibaarista Puntland ka jira tooda ugu facaweyn, ayaa waayadii u danbeysay bilowday madal-aragtiyeed lagu gorfeeyo doodo ku saabsan siyaasadda, dhaqaalaha iyo guud ahaan arrimaha bulshada oo la qabto bishiiba mar ama ka badan.

Madashii 8aad oo cinwaankeeda laga dhigay XAALADDA GUUD EE PUNTLAND IYO DOORASHOOYINKA FEDERAALKA 2020/2021 uu martina ku ahaa madaxweynaha Puntland Siciid Cabdullaahi Deni ayaa xalay [26/12/2019] ka qabsoontay xarunta hay’adda.

Lafagurid ku saabsan mudnaanshaha goobta hadaljeedintu ka dhacday, xiriirintii, hadaljeedintii madaxweynaha, waxyaabihii loo baahnaa ee uusan ka hadlin, nooca su’aalihii la weydiiyay & jawaabihii uu bixiyay, ayaan qoraalkaan ku sameyn doonaa. 

Mowduuca hadaljeedinta iyo muhiimaddiisa:

Cinwaanka barnaamijka la siiyay wuxuu ahaa mid aad u mudan oo waqtigiisii la joogay, maadaama ay bulshadu baahi badan u qabtay inay ogaato xaaladda deegaanka iyo sida ay xukuumaddaani rabto inay wax u maarayso oo ay u xalliso baahiyaha tiro beelka ah ee bulshadu la tacaalayso. Sidoo kale waxa ay hadaljeedintu diiradda saaraysay doorashooyinka federaaalka ee la filayo inay dalka ka dhacaan 2020/2021, maadaama aysan wali caddeyn nooca doorasho ee la qabanayo iyo inuusan jirin heshiis siyaasadeed dhexyaalla Puntland iyo Dowladda Federaalka ah, dadku aad ayay ugu dhegtaagayeen in madaxweynuhu iftiimiyo waxa Puntland ka qabto doorashooyinkaas iyo waxa la gudboon xukuumaddiisa siyaasad ahaan.

Madaxweynuhu ma abbaaray mowduucii hadaljeedinta?

Labada qeybood ee ay hadaljeedintu ka hadlaysay aan u kala qaadno si kala madaxbannaan.

Qeybta koowaad waxaa la rabay inuu madaxweynuhu ka hadlo xaaladda Puntland iyo dhibaatooyinka deegaanka kajira, madaxweynuhu cinwaankaas waa dhinac maray wuxuuna waqti dheer geliyay ka hadlidda sooyaalkii Puntland iyo geeddi-socodkii uu soo maray hanaqaadkeedu! Waa cashar muhiim ah balse aan ka turjumayn mowduucii lagu ballansanaa ee bulshadu rabtay inay wax ka ogaato. Waaqica nololeed ee dhibka badan oo bulshada Puntland kujirto waxba ka tari maayo in looga sheekeeyo sooyaalkii dowladdooda. Waxyaabihii muhiimka ahaa ee uusan soo hadalqaadin hoos ayaan ku falanqeyn doonaa.

Qeybta labaad oo ku saabsanayd doorashooyinka federaalka, madaxweynuhu si fiican ayuu u abbaaray intii u muuqatay walow uusan aad ugu dheeraan, waxa aanna is iri wuxuu u gaabsaday maadaama aysan caddeyn nooca doorasho ee la aadayo iyo sharcigii doorashada oo aan diyaar ahayn, aad buu isaga ilaaliyay in hadallo uga dhacaan sida hadalladii ka dhacay madaxweynihii ka horreeyay isaga Cabdiwali Gaas oo ay hadaladiisu si joogto ah isu burin jireen.

Goobta hadaljeedinta iyo Xiriirinta:

Xarunta PDRC oo ahayd barta hadaljeedintu ka dhacaysay waxa ay ahayd meel ku habboon in barnaamijkaan lagu qabto, adeegyada xarunta laga heli karo iyo ciddii baahi gaar ahi qabsato say caawinaad u heli karaan oo goobta laga sheegayna waxay ahayd tillaabo qurux badnayd.

Dhaliisha ay goobtu lahayd waa iftiinka oo ku yaraa, ayna adkayd in qeybaha danbe la arko marka aad muuqaal-baahiyaha ka daawanaysid, intaasna inay xalliyaan ayaan u rejaynayaa.

Xiriirinta barnaamijku aad bay u qurxoonayd, balse waxaa dhaliil ka muuqatay sida ay dadka su’aalaha ugu qeybinayeen oo dheelli kujiray, waxa aan ka rejayn inay dhaliishaan cashar ka dhigtaan.

Waxyaabihii loo baahnaa ee uusan ka hadlin.

Madaxweynuhu wuxuu ilduufay ama ku-talogal uga tagay ka hadalidda arrimahaan soo socda.

Xaaladda waxbarashada Puntland: 

Madaxweynuhu kama uusan hadlin adeegyada waxbarashada ee Puntland ka jiray hortiis iyo waxay ku dareen mudadii ay xafiiska joogeen. Dhanka waxbarashada qodobka muhiim ah ee dadkoo dhammi sugayeen inuu ka hadlo waa khilaafkii imtixaanka iyo shahaadada ee dhexmaray DFS iyo Puntland, waxaa shahaadooyin la’ arday 5kun kor u dhaafaysa oo la rabay inay Garoowe shahaado ka qaataan, waxa aad isu dhimay tirada ardaydii deeqaha waxbarasho dibadeed heli jiray, majirto wax wadahadal ah oo laga galay arrimahaan oo madaxweynuhu sheegay, marka laga reebo in su’aal la weydiiyay isaga oo ka jawaabay uu sheegay inaysan wadahadal ka galayn wixii sharci ah.

Sannadka danbe isla dhibaatadaas ayay wajihi karaan ardayda cusubi haddii aan xal la gaarin, mana muuqato xal ay xukuumaddiisu raadinayso iyo fursad ay u hayaan ardayda.

Xaalad Puntland kajirta oo arrintaas ka culus ma ay jirto, waana la yaab sababta uu madaxweynuhu isaga indhotiray!

Xaaladda caafimaadka:

Puntland kama jiro wax isbitaal dowladeed ah oo laga heli karo adeeg caafimaad oo dhammaystiran, sidoo kale wuxuu dayac baahsan haystaa daryeelka hooyada iyo dhallaanka. Xaaladdaanna madaxweynuhu waa iska indhotiray, mana muuqato wax laga qabtay mudadiii ay xilka joogtay xukuumaddiisu,  Oxygen la’aan iyo dhiigbax ayaa loogu dhintaa isbitaallada Puntland.

Xaaladda degmada Eyl:

Xaaladda degmada Eyl iyadu waxa ay u muuqataa looma-ooyaan iyo nin aamusan hooyadiis qadisay, cid arrinkaas ka hadashay oo aan ahayn xildhibaanno xog-waraysi degmada u tagay ma jiraan.

Waxaa burburay qeybo kamid ah waddooyinka laga soo galo magaalada, taasoo sii xumaynaysa xaaladda deegaanka iyo bulshada oo haddaba la daalaa-dhacaya dhibaatooyin adeegxumo dowladeed oo ballaarran. Ma jirto wax qorshe muuqda ah oo xukuumadda uga qorshaysan hagaajinta waddooyinka iyo gargaar u fidinta bulshada, madaxweynuhuna masoo hadalqaadin.

Burburka iyo shaqoxumada kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha:

21sano oo ay Puntland jirtay majirto wax laga qabtay hirgelinta waddooyin cusub oo isku xira gobollada dalka marka laga reebo wadada Ceeldaahir-Ceerigaabo oo howsheedu socoto. Iska daa in waddo cusub la dhisee tii hore ee laga dhaxlay dowladdii kacaanka ayaan xil la iska saarin daryeelkeeda iyo ilaalinteeda.

Roobabkii ugu danbeeyay ee da’ayay ayaa wadada Boosaaso-Garoowe ka gooyay meelo badan, inkastoo shirkadda CCECC la yiri waa dayactiraysaa haddana madaxweynuhu arrinkaas hadaljeedintiisa kagama hadal iyada oo faahfaansan iyo goorta la dhammayn doono dayactirkaas maadaama xaalku sii xumaan karo haddii roobab kale da’aan.

Dhismihii qabyada ahaa ee wadada Garoowe-Gaalkacyo isna majirto shaqo ka socota, shirkaddii qandaraaska wadada lagu siiyay sharcidarradana wali lagama qaadin mashruucii ay ku fashilmeen.

Puntland garoomaha diyaaraduhu waxay ka noqdeen baahiyaha koowaad meelkastana waxaa laga dhisay gegi aan la aqoon waxa ku degi doona iyo waxa ka duuli doona toonna. Laga bilaabo Boosaaso, Garoowe ilaa Gaalkacyo waxaa ku yaal garoomo lacag badani gashay dhisidooda balse aan wax xil ah la iska saarin hagaag-u-shaqeyntooda marka laga reebo garoonka Garoowe, garoonka Gaalkacyo shaqadiisii aad bay isu dhintay diyaaradihii ka degi jirayna waa ka wareegeen, garoonka Boosaaso waa kan ugu weyn gegi diyaaradeed oo Puntland ku taalla balse shaqo ahaan waa kan ugu liita!

Amniga Boosaaso, collaytanka ganacsatada iyo gadoodka maleeshiyaadka beelaha:

Magaalada Boosaaso oo ah isha ganacsiga Puntland iyo meesha dowladdu ka hesho dakhligeedda ugu badan, waxaa hareeyay dhibaatooyin amni oo intooda badani ku salaysan colaad ka dhalatay is-haysi iyo xifaaltan ganacsato ma-naxayaal ah iyo kacdoonno maleeshiyaad. Muddo dhaweyd waxaa magaalada amnigeeda khatargeliyay dhallinyaro ciidamo ah oo magaalada xoog ku galay askarna ku laayay kantaroolka magaalada, inkastoo markii danbe magaaladii lagaga saaray xal isimo keeneen wali ma muuqato in wax laga qabtay tabashadoodii maadaama ay dhowr beri ka hor joojiyeen isu-socodka gaadiidka.

Waa arrin ay ahayd in si furan looga hadlo, degdegna loo xalliyo intaysan dabo-dheeraan balse hadaljeedintii madaxweynaha laguma soo hadalqaadin.

Heshiisyada xukuumaddaani galayso iyo heshiishkii dekaddda Boosaaso & DP World:

Xukuumaddii madaxweyne Cabwali Gaas heshiis aan waxba laga ogeyn oo sidii miro barde loo liqay ayay la gashay shirkadda DP World oo lagu wareejiyay maamulka dekadda muddo 30sanadood ah iyadoo laga rabay inay dekadda ballaariyaan. Wali waxba lagama qaban ballaarintii dekadda, dibna looma eegin heshiiskii DP World.

Sida guddoomiyihii hore ee baarlamaanka Puntland Cabdixakiim Dhoobo-daareed sheegay wuxuu xilkiisii ku waayay ka hadlidda iyo dabagalidda heshiisyada xukuumaddu galayso. Jiritaanka hadalkaas iyo aamuska xukuumaddu wuxuu dab kusii shidayaa welwelkii laga qabay heshiisyada lala galayo shirkadaha shisheeye oo ay ugu danbeeyay kii lala galay shirkadda Frontier Service Group.

Xaaladda Garsoorka Puntland:

Madaxweynuhu kama hadlin tayodarrada nidaamka garsoorka Puntland haraysay taasoo sababtay in beelaha qeybtood meelo kale looga gacan haatiyo iyo in xukunka kiisas dacwadeedku qaataan waqti dheer oo tacaddi ku ah dhibbanayaasha. 

Hirgelinta maxkamadda dastuuriga ah wuxuu sheegay inaysan muhiim ahayn, taasoo loo fasiran karo inuusan dhisi doonin, waana tillaabo dhaawac ku noqon karta rejada laga qabo nidaam dimuqraadiyadeedka doorasho ee la hiigsanayo!

Xiriirka madaxweynaha iyo kooxda Aaranjaan:

Laga soo bilaabo ololihii doorashada Puntland 2018, waxaa si baahsan usoo baxday awoodda ay leeyihiin koox ganacsato ah oo u abaabulan inay talada dalka gacanta ku dhigaan iyaga oo ku bixinaya qiime kasta oo ay ku heli karaan. Guushii madaxweyne Deni kadibna waxaa sii korodhay awooddii kooxdaas oo lagu eedaynayo inay madaxweynaha talada la hayaan oo waxkasta rabitaankooda ku socdo!

Madaxweynaha waxaa laga rabay inuu kooxdaas iska beri yeelo haddaysan talada lahayn balse aamuskiisu wuxuu caddeyn u yahay run ahaanshaha arrintaas.

Nooca su’aalihii la weydiiyay iyo jawaabihii madaxweynaha.

Dadka su’aalaha weydiinayay waxaa ka dhexmuuqday tiro dad ah oo madaxweynaha siyaasadda xukuumaddiisa sax iyo khaladba Facebook ka difaaca, inkastoo qeybtood su’aalo macquul ah weydiiyeen balse inta badan xaaladda Puntland ee cakiran waxba kama aysan weydiin. Waxaa iyana welwel i gelisay in dadkii waxgalka ahaa ee meesha joogay badankood aysan su’aalo weydiin madaxweynaha, qof goobta joogay ayaa ii sheegay in dadka gacmaha taagayay oo su’aal weydiinta rabay ay u badnaayeen taageerayaal, baqdin ayaa haysata bulshada oo qofkii hadallo adag laga dareemo dhaqaale ahaan ayaa loo weerari karaa haddii lagu dhici waayo hanjabaad toos ah in loo diro.

Jawaabaha uu madaxweynuhu bixinayay waxaa ka muuqatay intooda badan degganaan iyo xog-ogaalnimo balse waxaa jira qofkii aad ugu sii fiirsada dhowr su’aalood oo sida madaxweynuhu uga jawaabay aad ka dareemayso wacyixumo madaxweynaha haysa, waxa aan dooddaas ku kabayaa warcelin uu madaxweynuhu ka bixiyay weydiin uusoo jeediyay Maxamed Xasan barre oo ahayd “ Dastuurka Puntland waxaa ku qoran in Puntland u madaxbannaantahay arrimaheeda dibadda inta laga helayo dastuur ay leedahay JFS oo lagu ansixiyay afti dadweyne” arrintaas ma laga tiray dastuurka?

Madaxweynuhu wuxuu ku jawaabay “ma garanayo dastuurkii la xaday ee la sheegi jiray inay ku jirto iyo inay kan kujirto” waa jawaab ay ka muuqato inuusan madaxweynuhu warba u hayn dastuurka oo ay arrintaasi qodobadiisa hore ku xusantahay! Waa arrin laga yaxyaxo dowlad aan madaxweyneheedii aqoon dastuurkeeda!

Qodobkaas dastuurka kujira inuu saxanyahay iyo inuu khaldanyahay waa dood kale, anigu se waxa aan qabaa inuu qodob khaldan yahay.

Su’aal kale oo madaxweynaha laga weydiiyay nidaamka awooodqeybsiga 4.5, jawaabtii uu ka bixiyay waxaa iyana laga fahmi karaa degganaanta madaxweynaha iyo siduu uga fiirsanayo ballanqaadyadiisa, in badan ayuu ku saxnaa inuusan go’aan degdeg ah arrintaas ka qaadan waayo ma ahan go’aan Puntland kaliya u yaalla.

Ugu danbeyn, waxa aan ku bogaadinayaa xarunta PDRC sameynta PDRC Talks, inay madaxweynaha Puntland keentay iyo inay xil iska saareen xulashada mowduuc aad muhiim ugu ahaa bulshada deegaanka. Waxa isna bogaadin mudan madaxweynaha dowladda Puntland Siciid Cabdullaahi Deni oo soo ajiibay casumaadda barnaamijkaan.

Mahadcelin ayaan u dirayaa maamulka iyo shaqaalaha Puntland TV oo si wanaagsan noogu soo tabiyay muuqaalka barnaamijka.

MAXAA KA QALDAN DHAQAALAHA PUNTLAND?!

Puntland waa maamul jirsaday 19 sano oo laga filan karo maanta inuu sameeyay horumar dhankasta ah anoo middaas ka duulaya ayaan rabaa inaan soo qudbiyo warbixin ku saabsan dhaqaalaha Puntland . Qoraalkaan waxaan si gaar ah diiradda ugu saari doonaa 19 sano kadib maxay yihiin caqabadaha haysta dhaqaalaha Puntland? Iyo sidoo kale talo soo jeedin aan ku darsanayo oo aan is leeyahay waa lagu xallin karaa caqabadahaas.

Runtii ma yara caqabadaha haysan kara dhaqaalaha dhul ku yaalla dunida saddexaad oo haddana ku dhexyaalla waddan intiisa badan aysan kajirin amni lagu abuuri karo horumar dhaqaale oo xasiloon. Anoo arrimahaas oo dhan ogsoon ayaan qoraalkaan kusoo bandhigayaa caqabadaha haysta dhaqaalaha Puntland.

1.      Dhaqaale koror curyaan ah.

Caqabadda koowaad ee haysata dhaqaalaha Puntland waa dhaqaale koror hooseeya (Weak Economic Growth). Sida ku cad qorshaha horumarinta Puntland ee 5ta sano (Puntland Five Year Development Plan) dhaqaalaha Puntland wuxuu sameynaa kor u kac 3% taasoo ah wax aad u hooseeya oo aan laga filan karin maamul 19sano jirsaday oo intaas haystay xasilooni amni oo aasaas u noqon kartay in la helo horumar dhaqaale.

Waxsoosaarka Puntland (GDP) sida ku cad shaxdaan hoos ka muuqata si gaabis ah ayuu u siyaadayaa

GDP Growth
Year	GDP ($)	GDP PPP ($)
2014	2,027,938,434	8,111,753,734
2015	2,129,335,355	8,517,341,421
2016	2,235,802,123	8,943,208,492
2017	2,347,592,229	9,390,368,917
2018	2,464,971,841	9,859,887,362

Source: MoPIC, 2011b

2.      Miisaaniyadda Dowladda oo liidata (Weak government budget).

Caqabada labaad oo haysata dhaqaalaha Puntland waa miisaaniyadda oo ah mid aad u liidata taasoo badday in waddanku markasta uu kujiro is-dhin miisaaniyadeed (Budget deficit). Halka inta badan qeybaha dowladdu ay galayaan kharashaad tirobadan oo qeybtood ay yihiin wax laga maarmi karo.

Shaxdaan hoose ayaa muujinaysa isbarbardhigga dakhliga iyo kharashaadka dowladda.

Government Expenditure and Revenue
Year	Government Expenditure	Government Revenue
2014	42,175,617,430	41,245,286,548
2015	44,284,398,302	42,895,098,010
2016	46,498,618,217	44,610,901,930
2017	48,823,549,128	46,395,338,007

Source: MoPIC 2011b

Waxaad ka garan kartaan shaxdaan sida kharashka dowladdu uu uga badanyahay dakhliga dowladda. Mana jiro waddan horumar dhaqaale gaari kara isaga oo kujira is-dhin miisaaniyadeed (Budget deficit).

3.      Liidashada hab-maamulka cashuurta.

Cillada kale oo haysata dhaqaalaha Puntland waxa waaye hab maamulkii cashuurta oo aan fadhiyin. Waa sax waanku taageersanahay dowladdu inay qaaddo cashuurta waajibka ay ee ay tahay in la qaado laakiin waxa aan ku dhaliilsanahay dowladda habka cashuurtaas loo maamulo oo aan ahayn mid habboon. Haddii dowladdii ka cabanayso is-dhin miisaaniyadeed isla jeerkaasna ay maamuli la’dahay ilihii dakhligeeda kuwii ugu muhiimsanaa waxay caddayn u tahay inaan wali ka fognahay heer aan ku riyoonno horumar dhaqaale oo taabbagal ah.

4.      Tiro koob la’aan shacabka ah.

Tirakoobka dadku wuxuu muhiim u yahay dowladnimada iyo horumarka labadaba. Sida anigu aan qabo, dad badan oo dhaqaalaha bartayna ay qabaan korodhka bulshadu wuxuu saameyn togan kuleeyahay horumarka dhaqaalaha iyo waliba taabbagalinta dowlad wanaagga.

Dowladda Puntland 19sano kadib maanta majiro tirokoob si sax ah shacabkeeda loogu sameeyay wallow ay jiraan tirokoob ay hay’ado gaar ahi sameeyeen oo anigu aan dhaliilsanahay sax ahaanshahooda iyo tirokoob yo aan dhammaystirnayn oo dowladdu sameysay.

Tirkoobku wuxuu ina ka caawinaya in dadka raba inay waddanka maalgashtaan ay helaan tirsi ay ku go’aan qaadan karaan. Sidoo kale ganacsatada waddankuna inay fahmaan deegaanku intuu ganacsi qaadi karo iyo meelayoowga ay ka heli karaan dad farobadan oo wax iibsada.

5.      Shaqo abuur la’aanta da’yarta.

Anoo tixraacaya warbixin ay soo saartay qaramada midoobay, heerka shaqo la’aanta kajirta Soomaaliya waa mid kamid ah kuwa ugu sarreeya adduunka ku dhawaad 67% ayaa shaqo la’aan ah dadka da’doodu u dhexayso 14 ilaa 29 sano. Halka 61% raga ah iyo 74% dumarka ah ay shaqo la’aanyihiin. Sida cad waa dhibaato weyn arrinta shaqo la’aan.
Dhibaatadaas shaqo la'aanta Puntland waxay la wadaagta soomaalida kale waase arrin lama huraan ah in la xalliyo.

Halkan ka aqriso qoraal aan horay uga qoray shaqo la’aanta (http://cabdullahi-sanco.blogspot.com/2016/12/baagamuuddo-iyo-burbur-dhaqaale.html)

6.      Sicir bararka

Sicir barar ku wuxuu caqabad weyn ku yahay dhaqaalaha Puntland

Jaantuskaani wuxuu muujinayaa sicir bararka Puntland ka jiray sanadihii lasoo dhaafay si gaar ah wuxuu farta ugu godayaa magaalooyinka Garoowe iyo Boosaaso.

Haddaan si guud u fiirinno sicir bararka Puntland sida ku cad jadwalkaan 2006 wuxuu ahaa 29.72% waxayna ahayd markuu ugu yaraa wixii intaas ka danbeeyay wuxuu kujiray heehaab uusan meelna ku xasilnayn. Wuxuu gaaray heerkiisii ugu sarreeyay sannaddii 2010 (July-September) 140.43%.

Sida aad uga jeedo jaantuskaan sicir bararka kajira Puntland waa mid aad xasiloonida uga fog wuxuuna caqabad ku ahaan doonaa dhaqaalaha ilaa inta xukuumadda deegaanka kajirta ay keenayso xal lagu xasilayo.

Halkan ka daalaco maqaal aan ka qoray sicir bararka (http://cabdullahi-sanco.blogspot.com/2016/11/silic-iyo-sicir-barar.html)

7.      Sarrifka lacagaha qalaad.

Sarrifka lacaguhu waa mid kale oo kamid ah caqabadaha ugu waaweyn oo Puntland haysta, maadaama aysan jirin dowladda dhexe oo tayo badan isla markaasna aysan jirin cid maamulaysa siyaasadda lacagta waddanka waxaa wax fudud iska noqotay in ganacsatadu ay noqdaan kuwa jaangooya sarrifka lacagaha oo markay doonaan bay kor u qaadaan markay doonaanna hoos ayay u dhigaan.

Jaantuskaani wuxuu ina tusaya  sarrifka billaha ah ee $1 inta uu u dhigmo So. Sh

Sida ku cad jaantuskaan 2001 bishii January $1 waxaa lagu sarrifi jirey 13,000 so. Sh, oo ahaa qiimo hoose marka loo barbardhigo sannadaha ka danbeeya. Sannadkii 2008 ayay ahayd markii Puntland uu shillinku gaaray heerkiisii ugu xumaa iyadoo la gaaray in $1 lagu sarrifo lacag 40,000 so. sh ku dhow oo ahayd 38,000 so. Sh.

Sida jaantuskaani sheegaayo sarrifka lacaguhu ma ahan mid fadhiya ee waa mid si xowli ah isu bedbedlaya taasna waxay caqabad ku tahay dhaqaalaha deegaanka, haddii aan xal loo helinna waa adkaan doontaa in horumar dhaqaale oo miro dhal ah la helo.

8.      Isu dheelli tirnaan la’aanta wax-soo-dhoofitaanta (import) iyo wax-dhoofinta (export).

Caqbad kale oo weyn oo Puntland haysata waxa waaye wax soo dhoofinta (import) iyo wax dhoofinta (export) oo aan isu dhammaystirnayn bal xitaa aan isu dhaweyn. Waxaan soo dhoofsannaa 78% halka aynu dhoofinno kaliya 22%.

Maadaama waxbadan aan soo dhoofsanno wuxuu waddankeenu kujiraa markasta is-dhin ama khasaare ganacsi (trade deficit) way na adagtahay inaan horumar dhaqaale ka fakarno inta xaaladdu saan tahay waana arrin u baahan in wax laga qabto ayna ku fashilmeen xukuumadihii deegaanka soo marayi inay wax ka qabtaan.

Source: MoPIC, 2011a

9.      Kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha oo yar

Caqabad kale oo deegaanka haysata ayaa ah kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha oo aad ugu yar maadaama dowladdii Maxammed Siyaad AUN ay deegaankaan u aqoonsanayd gaariwaa isla markaasna aysan uga tagin kaabayaal dhaqaale oo fara badan. Si kastoo ay tahay xukuumadihii Puntland soo maray waxay xil weyn iska saareen sidii loo heli lahaa kaabayaal dhaqaale oo horumarsan, xukuumaddaan Cabdiweli Gaas ba ha ugu fiicnaatee dhammaantood waxbadan ayay ka qabteen dhankaas wallow ay tahay wali caqabad taagan oo si ku filan aan loo xallin.

10.  Soo dejinta qaadka.

Dhibaatada kale ee deegaankaan haysata waa qaad oo ka mid noqday cunnooyinkii caadiga bal wuxuu ka isticmaal badanyahay cuntooyinka qeybtood.

Maadaama deegaanka uusan qaad ka bixin waxaa laga keenaa waddamada deriska ah Ethiopia iyo Kenya lacag farabadan ayaana kaga baxda dadka deegaanka oo ay wax kale ku qabsan lahaayeen.

Sidoo kale waxa aan indhaha laga qarsan karin in qaadku uu yahay il dakhli oo dowladda lacag badan oo cashuur ahi kasoo gasho, wallow khasaarihiisu uu ka badanyahay faa’iidadiisa.

11.  Suuqyada maaliyadda oo aan firfircoonayn.

Wallow sannadihii ugu danbeeyay uu kobcay suuqa bangiyadu haddana wali ma gaarin heer ku filan. Puntland si ay ula jaanqaaddo horumarka dunida kale gaartay waa inay kajiraan bangiyo bixin kara dhammaan adeegyada loo baahan karo oo lagama maarmaanka u ah ganacsiga iyo nolosha.

TALO SOO JEEDIN.

Waxaan talo ahaan kusoo jeedinayaa:

1.      Dowladdu inaysan sameyso shaqo abuur si loo xalliyo dhibaatada shaqo la’aanta isla markaasna tillaabo horay loogu qaado horumarinta dhaqaalaha.

2.      Dowladdu waa inay dib u eegis iyo sixitaan ku sameysaa miisaaniyadda ay dejiso isla markaasna ay hubisaa in meelkasta loo qoondeeyay kharashkii ku habboonaa maadaama miisaaniyadda hadda ay kajirto isu-dheellitirnaan la’aan weyn.

3.      Dowladdu waa inay dadaal iyo waqti gelisaa sidii loo tirokoobi lahaa shacabka Puntland taasoo sahli karta in qiimeyn dhab ah lagu sameeyo suuqa Puntland iyo tirada ganacsi ee uu qaadi karo ama laga hirgalin karo. Sidoo kale waxay sahlaysaa in la gaaro doorasho hal qof iyo hal cod ah.

4.      Dowladdu waa inay bangigeeda shaqadiisa u ogolaataa isla markaasna kula xisaabtantaa inuu xalliyay sicir bararka iyo sarrifka lacagaha iyo inkale. Sidoo kale dowladdu waa inay ka waantoowdaa dhaqan xumada maamul ee ah inay isku daydo in sicir bararka lagu xalliyo qori caaraddiisa isla markaana loo diro inay xalliyaan dad aan ehelkeedii ahayn.

5.      Dowladdu waa inay dhiirrigelisaa waxsoosaarka waddanka si loo yareeyo farqiga weyn is-dhin ganacsiyeedka ee jira.

6.      Dowladdu waa inay cilmi baaris rasmi ah ka sameysaa dhibaatada qaadka isla markaasna ay ka yeelataa siyaasad cad oo haddaan xitaa la joojin karin suurtogalin karta in labada dhinac ee heshiiska qaadku ka dhexeeyo ay si isu dhow uga faa’iidi karaan.

7.      Dowladdu waa inay dhiirrigelisaa bangiyada deegaanka ku yaal isla markaasna ay kuwo kale kusoo jiiddaa inay yimaadaan taasoo suurtogelin karna in la helo maalgalin dibadda inooga timaadda.

Ugu danbeyntii waxaa hubaal ah intaan in ka badan oo caqabado ah inay jiri karaan. Soomaalidu waxay ku maahmaahdaa WAR LA HEL YAABA TALO LA HEL caqabadaha aan qoraalkayga ku xusay dhaliil ma ahan ee waa inaa ogaanno meesha la ina ka hayo si aan u raadinno illinkii aan u mari lahayn xallinta dhibaatadaas.

TIXRAAC

MoPIC, 2013, Puntland Macroeconomic Projections, MoPIC, SIDP-IOM, August, Garowe

MoPIC, 2014, Puntland Five Year Development Plan 2014-2018, Garowe, Puntland

Puntland Economic Challenges and Future Possibilities by Mohamed Said Samantar, DPhil

Puntland’s Consumer Price Index  & Exchange Rate Regime January 2014 Retrieved on Aug 8