SILIC IYO SICIR BARAR

Maqaalkan waxaana kaga hadlayaa muxuu yahay sicir barar? Goormee bilowday? Maxaa sababa sicir barar? Maxaa ka dhasha sicir barar? Side loo xallin karaa? Iyo talo soojeedin.

Ma ahi dhakhtar bulshadiisa daacuun iyo malaariya ka daweynkara laakiin waxaan ahay arday ka naxaya dhibaatada dadkiisa. Iyadoo ay garowe tahay magaalo kharashka nolosheedu uu sareeyo hadii ay ku darsanto sicir barar waxaa imaanaysa in laga kala tago oo laga yaabo magaaladaan waana taas dhibta ani ii muuqata, waxaana u arkaa hooyooyinka ka mudahaaradaya sicir bararka inay yihiin geeesiyaal diidan in garowe laga kala guuro.

Aan gudagalo qormadayda, Sicir bararku wuxuu soo bilowday markii ay bilaabatay in la sameeyo lacagaha waraaqda ah (Fiat money), culimo badan ayaana kamid ah dadka wax ka qoray waxaana kamid ah Al Gazhali, Ibnu Khalduun, ibnu caabidiin, Dr. Sheikh Yusuf Alqaradawi iyo Dr. Cali Saluusi.

Sidoo kale dadka aad ka uga hadlay waxaa kamid ah Milton Friedman, ustaadka weyn ee billada nobel ka ku qaatay cilmiga dhaqaalaha wuxuuna ku tilmaamay sicir bararka cudur xun oo ay tahay in la xaliyo si uusan u dillin dhaqaalaha.

Waa Maxay Sicir Barar?

Sicir bararku (Inflation) waa kor u kac joogto ah oo ku yimaada qiimaha badeecooyinka iyo adeegyadda waqti cayiman. Sidoo kale sicir bararku waa siyaaditaanka ku yimaada lacagta suuqa kujirta (Money in Circulation). Markuu sicir barar dhaco waxaaa qaneeco beesha lacagta oo inta ay goyn jirtay inka yar ayay goysaa.

Sababaha Sicir Bararka Keena

Sicir bararka waxaa sababa waxyaabo farabadan oo ay kamid yihiiin:

1. Daabacaad lacageed (Printing more money): hadii lacagta badan la daabaco waxaa imaanaya sicir barar, sababtoo ah hadii lacagtu ay badato waxaa kor u kacayo dalabka iyo qiimaha badeecooyinka.

2. Hoos u dhaca wax soosaarka (Declining productivity): hadii wax soosaarka shirkaduhu uu hoos u dhaco, iyadoo dalabkii uusan waxba iska badalin, shirkadihii waxay kor u qaadayaan qiimaha maadaama dalabkii uu ka badanyahay ax soosaarkii taasna waxay keenaysaa sicir barar.

3. Dalab koror (Demand pull): Hadii dalabku uu bato iyadoo uusan wax soosaarkii waxba iska badalin, dalabkii ayaa ka badanaya wax soosaarkii kadibna waxaa imaanaya in shirkadihii qiimaha ay kor u qaadaan taasna waxay sababaysaa sicir barar.

4. Kororka kharaskhka xukuumadda (increase in public expenditure); xukuumadu hadii ay kharashkeeda kordhiso waxaa siyaadaya mushaharaadka shaqaalaha markaas kadibna waxay iibsanayaan alaabo iyo adeegyo badan o aysan markii hore iibsan jirin, qiimayaashuna markaas waa kor dhayaan.

5.Alaabta oo la xaraysto (Hoarding of goods): hadii ganacasatadu alaabta xaraysato si ay suququr beenbeen ah u abuuraan si ay qaali ugu iibshaan markay alaabtaasi suuqa ku yaraato, taas waxa ka dhalanaya sicir barar.

6. Kor u kaca badeecooyinka dibadda laga keeno (Import prices): hadii qiimaha alaabta lasoo dhoofsado uu siyaado waxay sababi kartaa sicir barar.

7. Kor u kaca kharashka wax soosaarka (Cost of Production): hadii kharashkii wax soosaarku uu kor u kaco shirkadihiii waxy ku khasbanaanayaan inay kor u qaadaan qiimihii badeecooyinka taasna waxay keenaysa sicir barar.

Dhibaatada Sicir Bararka

Inakstoo ay jirto faaiidooyin uu u leeyahay sicirbararku dadka qaarkiisa hadana waxaa jira dhibaatooyin aad u farabadan oo ka dhasha sicir bararka dhibaatooyinkaas waxaa kamid ah:

1. Hoos u dhaca wax soosaarka (Reduction In Production): sicir bararku wuxuu hoos u dhigayaa waxsoo saarka inkastoo qiimaha badeecooyinku ay siyaadayaan shirkadu faaiido badan ayay helaysaa waqtiga dhow (Short Run) laakiin kharasha waxsoo saarka ayaa isna siyaadiya waqtiga fog (Long Run), sidaa darted sicirbararku wuxuu keenayaa in wax soosaarkii wadanka uu hoos u dhaco.

2. Hoos u dhaca tayada (Fall In Quality): maadaama uu sicir bararku keenayo in qiimaha badeecadu uu siyaado, shirkaduhu wuxuu ku dadaalayaan sida ay u heli lahaayeen faaiido badan iyagoo aan tayada xooga saarayn, sidaa darted sicir bararka waxa ka dhalinaya hoos u dhac ku yimaada tayada wax soosaarka.

3. hoos u dhacdo awooda gadashada ee qofka (purchasing power): markasta oo uu sicir barar yimado waxaa yaraanaya awooda iibka ee dadka.

4. Suuqa madow iyo musuqmaasuq (Black Market and corruption): markuu sicir bararku dhaco waxaa imaanaysa in marka dadku goyn waayaan badeecooyinka in wax lagu kala iibsado suuqa madow.

5. Faqri (Poverty); hadii sicir barar dhaco heerkii faqriga dadka ayaa siyaadaya maadaama aysan dadkii waxba gadan karin.

6. Yaraanshaha kaydka (Reduction in saving): marka sicir barar dhaco waxaa kor u kacaya dhamaaan qiimayaasha badeecooyinka, taas oo keenaysa in qofku dhamaan dakhligiisii oo uu kharashgareeyo taas oo yaraanaysa ama meesha ka saaraysa kaydkii.

7. Siyaadada sarifka lacagaha qalaad (Foreign Exchange Rate): hadii sicir barar dhaco waxaa imaanaysa in uu siyaado sarifkii lacagaha qalaad, sidoo kale waxa imaanaya inay hoos u dhacdo waxay goyso lacagtu gudahu (Real Money Balances) taas oo dhibaato weyn ku noqon karta bulshada.

8. Dumida nidaam lacageedka (Monetary System) wadanka: hadii sicir barar yimaado o ay hoos u dhacdo qiimihii lacagta wadanka taas waxay sababi kartaa in uu dumo nidaam lacageedkii wadanka.

9. Saamaynta Bulshada: sicir bararku wuxuu saamayn ku leeyahay bulshada, maxaa yeelay wuxuu siyaadinaya farqiga bulshada (Social Classes).

10. SAAMAYNTA SIYAASADDA: SICIR BARAR KU WUXUU GUBAABINAYAA SHACABKA TAAS OO KEENAYSA IN DADWEYNUHU MUDAHAADYO SAMEEYAAN OO AY KASOO HORJEESTAAN DOWLADDA. TAAS OO KEENI KARTA IN DOWLADU FASHILANTO.

Xalka Sicirbararka

Inagoo ka tusaale qaadanayna xadiiskii rasuulka NNKH oo micnihiisu aha ‘Xanuun walba daawo ayuu leeyahay’ Waxkast oo dhaca waxay leeyihiin xal, sicir bararkuna kama xuma xanuun sidaa darted wuxuu leeyahay xal macquul;

1. Siyaasadda lacag yaraynta (contractionary monetary policy): hadafka siyaasadani waxaa weeye in la yareeyo daabacaada lacagta iyo in suuqa laga saaro lacagta kujirta, waana tan sida kaliya ee lagu xalin karo sicir bararka manta ka taagan wadankayga aan jeclahay.

2. In la tayeeyo shaqada bangiga dhexe oo loo dhiibo dad yaqaan shaqadiisa maadaama bankiga dhexe uu muhiim u yahay labo shaqo oo lagama maarmaan ah (Lacagta iyo shaqaalaysiinta) waxaa muhiim ah in dowlada ay wax ka qabato bankiga si looga gudbo dhibaatdan.

3. In ay dowladdu ka taxadartaa dajinta miisaaniyadda, xukuumadu sanad walba haday samayso miisaaniyad la buunbuunshay (Inflated budget), canshuurtana si xad dhaaf ah loo siyaaadiyo taas waxaa keenaysa dib dhac horumarineed iyo sicir barar joogto ah.

4. In dowladu hirgaliso hab shaqeed qeexan (Transparency), xisaabtan (Auditing) iyo dabagal (follow up), si aan hadhow dowladda kaliya loo eedayn waa in dadka talada laga qeybgaliyaa.

5. In dowladda fiiro gaar ah u yeelato soo dejinta qaadka, qaadku waa waxa ugu daran in lacagteena meesha ka saaraya maxaa yeelay waa isha kaliya oo lacagta soomaaliga ah wadanka kaga baxdo, hadii qaadku lacagtii saaro dowladuna daabacdo waxaan noqonaynaa qof fuusto daloosha biyo ku shubaya hadaba waa inay dowladu ugu yaraan canshuur badan saarta qaadka si uu u yaraado ama ugu yaraan lacagta qeyb dowladdu u hesho.

Gebogebo
Aad baad ugu mahadsantahay inaad qoraalkan aqrisay oo aad galisay waqti badan, waana hubaa wax inaad ka faaiiday! Mahadsanid!

Tixraac 
1. Peter Bernholz (2003). Monetary Regimes and Inflation: History, Economic and Political Relationships. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 53–55. ISBN 978-1-84376-155-6.

2. What methods can the government use to control inflation? | Investopedia http://www.investopedia.com/…/what-methods-can-government-u…