Maqaalkan waxaana
kaga hadlayaa muxuu yahay sicir barar? Goormee bilowday? Maxaa sababa sicir
barar? Maxaa ka dhasha sicir barar? Side loo xallin karaa? Iyo talo soojeedin.
Ma ahi
dhakhtar bulshadiisa daacuun iyo malaariya ka daweynkara laakiin waxaan ahay
arday ka naxaya dhibaatada dadkiisa. Iyadoo ay garowe tahay magaalo kharashka
nolosheedu uu sareeyo hadii ay ku darsanto sicir barar waxaa imaanaysa in laga
kala tago oo laga yaabo magaaladaan waana taas dhibta ani ii muuqata, waxaana u
arkaa hooyooyinka ka mudahaaradaya sicir bararka inay yihiin geeesiyaal diidan
in garowe laga kala guuro.
Aan gudagalo
qormadayda, Sicir bararku wuxuu soo bilowday markii ay bilaabatay in la sameeyo
lacagaha waraaqda ah (Fiat money), culimo badan ayaana kamid ah dadka wax ka
qoray waxaana kamid ah Al Gazhali, Ibnu Khalduun, ibnu caabidiin, Dr. Sheikh
Yusuf Alqaradawi iyo Dr. Cali Saluusi.
Sidoo kale
dadka aad ka uga hadlay waxaa kamid ah Milton Friedman, ustaadka weyn ee
billada nobel ka ku qaatay cilmiga dhaqaalaha wuxuuna ku tilmaamay sicir
bararka cudur xun oo ay tahay in la xaliyo si uusan u dillin dhaqaalaha.
Sicir bararku
(Inflation) waa kor u kac joogto ah oo ku yimaada qiimaha badeecooyinka iyo
adeegyadda waqti cayiman. Sidoo kale sicir bararku waa siyaaditaanka ku yimaada
lacagta suuqa kujirta (Money in Circulation). Markuu sicir barar dhaco waxaaa
qaneeco beesha lacagta oo inta ay goyn jirtay inka yar ayay goysaa.
Sicir bararka
waxaa sababa waxyaabo farabadan oo ay kamid yihiiin:
1. Daabacaad
lacageed (Printing more money): hadii lacagta badan la daabaco waxaa imaanaya
sicir barar, sababtoo ah hadii lacagtu ay badato waxaa kor u kacayo dalabka iyo
qiimaha badeecooyinka.
2. Hoos u
dhaca wax soosaarka (Declining productivity): hadii wax soosaarka shirkaduhu uu
hoos u dhaco, iyadoo dalabkii uusan waxba iska badalin, shirkadihii waxay kor u
qaadayaan qiimaha maadaama dalabkii uu ka badanyahay ax soosaarkii taasna waxay
keenaysaa sicir barar.
3. Dalab koror
(Demand pull): Hadii dalabku uu bato iyadoo uusan wax soosaarkii waxba iska
badalin, dalabkii ayaa ka badanaya wax soosaarkii kadibna waxaa imaanaya in
shirkadihii qiimaha ay kor u qaadaan taasna waxay sababaysaa sicir barar.
4. Kororka
kharaskhka xukuumadda (increase in public expenditure); xukuumadu hadii ay
kharashkeeda kordhiso waxaa siyaadaya mushaharaadka shaqaalaha markaas kadibna
waxay iibsanayaan alaabo iyo adeegyo badan o aysan markii hore iibsan jirin,
qiimayaashuna markaas waa kor dhayaan.
5.Alaabta oo
la xaraysto (Hoarding of goods): hadii ganacasatadu alaabta xaraysato si ay
suququr beenbeen ah u abuuraan si ay qaali ugu iibshaan markay alaabtaasi suuqa
ku yaraato, taas waxa ka dhalanaya sicir barar.
6. Kor u kaca
badeecooyinka dibadda laga keeno (Import prices): hadii qiimaha alaabta lasoo
dhoofsado uu siyaado waxay sababi kartaa sicir barar.
7. Kor u kaca
kharashka wax soosaarka (Cost of Production): hadii kharashkii wax soosaarku uu
kor u kaco shirkadihiii waxy ku khasbanaanayaan inay kor u qaadaan qiimihii
badeecooyinka taasna waxay keenaysa sicir barar.
Inakstoo ay
jirto faaiidooyin uu u leeyahay sicirbararku dadka qaarkiisa hadana waxaa jira
dhibaatooyin aad u farabadan oo ka dhasha sicir bararka dhibaatooyinkaas waxaa
kamid ah:
1. Hoos u
dhaca wax soosaarka (Reduction In Production): sicir bararku wuxuu hoos u
dhigayaa waxsoo saarka inkastoo qiimaha badeecooyinku ay siyaadayaan shirkadu
faaiido badan ayay helaysaa waqtiga dhow (Short Run) laakiin kharasha waxsoo
saarka ayaa isna siyaadiya waqtiga fog (Long Run), sidaa darted sicirbararku
wuxuu keenayaa in wax soosaarkii wadanka uu hoos u dhaco.
2. Hoos u
dhaca tayada (Fall In Quality): maadaama uu sicir bararku keenayo in qiimaha
badeecadu uu siyaado, shirkaduhu wuxuu ku dadaalayaan sida ay u heli lahaayeen
faaiido badan iyagoo aan tayada xooga saarayn, sidaa darted sicir bararka waxa
ka dhalinaya hoos u dhac ku yimaada tayada wax soosaarka.
3. hoos u
dhacdo awooda gadashada ee qofka (purchasing power): markasta oo uu sicir barar
yimado waxaa yaraanaya awooda iibka ee dadka.
4. Suuqa madow
iyo musuqmaasuq (Black Market and corruption): markuu sicir bararku dhaco waxaa
imaanaysa in marka dadku goyn waayaan badeecooyinka in wax lagu kala iibsado
suuqa madow.
5. Faqri
(Poverty); hadii sicir barar dhaco heerkii faqriga dadka ayaa siyaadaya
maadaama aysan dadkii waxba gadan karin.
6. Yaraanshaha
kaydka (Reduction in saving): marka sicir barar dhaco waxaa kor u kacaya
dhamaaan qiimayaasha badeecooyinka, taas oo keenaysa in qofku dhamaan
dakhligiisii oo uu kharashgareeyo taas oo yaraanaysa ama meesha ka saaraysa
kaydkii.
7. Siyaadada
sarifka lacagaha qalaad (Foreign Exchange Rate): hadii sicir barar dhaco waxaa
imaanaysa in uu siyaado sarifkii lacagaha qalaad, sidoo kale waxa imaanaya inay
hoos u dhacdo waxay goyso lacagtu gudahu (Real Money Balances) taas oo dhibaato
weyn ku noqon karta bulshada.
8. Dumida
nidaam lacageedka (Monetary System) wadanka: hadii sicir barar yimaado o ay
hoos u dhacdo qiimihii lacagta wadanka taas waxay sababi kartaa in uu dumo
nidaam lacageedkii wadanka.
9. Saamaynta
Bulshada: sicir bararku wuxuu saamayn ku leeyahay bulshada, maxaa yeelay wuxuu
siyaadinaya farqiga bulshada (Social Classes).
10. SAAMAYNTA
SIYAASADDA: SICIR BARAR KU WUXUU GUBAABINAYAA SHACABKA TAAS OO KEENAYSA IN
DADWEYNUHU MUDAHAADYO SAMEEYAAN OO AY KASOO HORJEESTAAN DOWLADDA. TAAS OO KEENI
KARTA IN DOWLADU FASHILANTO.
Inagoo ka
tusaale qaadanayna xadiiskii rasuulka NNKH oo micnihiisu aha ‘Xanuun walba
daawo ayuu leeyahay’ Waxkast oo dhaca waxay leeyihiin xal, sicir bararkuna kama
xuma xanuun sidaa darted wuxuu leeyahay xal macquul;
1. Siyaasadda
lacag yaraynta (contractionary monetary policy): hadafka siyaasadani waxaa
weeye in la yareeyo daabacaada lacagta iyo in suuqa laga saaro lacagta kujirta,
waana tan sida kaliya ee lagu xalin karo sicir bararka manta ka taagan
wadankayga aan jeclahay.
2. In la
tayeeyo shaqada bangiga dhexe oo loo dhiibo dad yaqaan shaqadiisa maadaama
bankiga dhexe uu muhiim u yahay labo shaqo oo lagama maarmaan ah (Lacagta iyo
shaqaalaysiinta) waxaa muhiim ah in dowlada ay wax ka qabato bankiga si looga
gudbo dhibaatdan.
3. In ay
dowladdu ka taxadartaa dajinta miisaaniyadda, xukuumadu sanad walba haday
samayso miisaaniyad la buunbuunshay (Inflated budget), canshuurtana si xad
dhaaf ah loo siyaaadiyo taas waxaa keenaysa dib dhac horumarineed iyo sicir
barar joogto ah.
4. In dowladu
hirgaliso hab shaqeed qeexan (Transparency), xisaabtan (Auditing) iyo dabagal
(follow up), si aan hadhow dowladda kaliya loo eedayn waa in dadka talada laga
qeybgaliyaa.
5. In dowladda
fiiro gaar ah u yeelato soo dejinta qaadka, qaadku waa waxa ugu daran in
lacagteena meesha ka saaraya maxaa yeelay waa isha kaliya oo lacagta soomaaliga
ah wadanka kaga baxdo, hadii qaadku lacagtii saaro dowladuna daabacdo waxaan
noqonaynaa qof fuusto daloosha biyo ku shubaya hadaba waa inay dowladu ugu
yaraan canshuur badan saarta qaadka si uu u yaraado ama ugu yaraan lacagta qeyb
dowladdu u hesho.
Gebogebo
Aad baad ugu mahadsantahay inaad qoraalkan aqrisay oo aad galisay waqti badan, waana hubaa wax inaad ka faaiiday! Mahadsanid!
Aad baad ugu mahadsantahay inaad qoraalkan aqrisay oo aad galisay waqti badan, waana hubaa wax inaad ka faaiiday! Mahadsanid!
Tixraac
1. Peter Bernholz (2003). Monetary Regimes and Inflation: History, Economic and Political Relationships. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 53–55. ISBN 978-1-84376-155-6.
1. Peter Bernholz (2003). Monetary Regimes and Inflation: History, Economic and Political Relationships. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 53–55. ISBN 978-1-84376-155-6.
2. What
methods can the government use to control inflation? | Investopedia http://www.investopedia.com/…/what-methods-can-government-u…