Monday, June 5, 2017

WAA KUMA ADAM SMITH?

“The first thing you have to know is yourself. A man who knows himself can step outside himself and watch his own reactions like an observer.” ― Adam Smith.


Adam smih waxa uu ahaa filoosoofar iyo dhaqaalayahan reer Scotland ah. Wuxuu dhashay sanadkii 1723, wuxuuna ku dhashay magaalada Kirkcaldy, Scotland.

Adam wuxuu horyaal u ahaa cilmiga dhaqaale siyaasadeedka, sidoo kale waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inuu ahaa aabaha dhaqaalaha casriga. Wuxuuna ka tirsanaa culimada madhabka dhaqaalaha ee Classical school.
Raadadka uu adam ka tagay waxaa ugu muhiimsan buuggiisii ahaa ‘The Wealth of Nations’ oo kamid ah buugta dhaqaalaha ugu muhiimsan. Inkastoo uu ku dhashay tuulo yar xariifnimadii iyo xeeldheeridiisa qoraal waxaa yaraantiisii fahantay hooyadiis kadibna waxay isku dayday inay ka caawiso inuu helo waxbarasho tayo leh si uu uga mirodhaliyo hibadiisa gaar ah.
Hooyadiis ayaa noqotay qofka ugu saameynta badnaa nolosha adam. Adam dhaqankiisa iyo dabcigiisu waxay ahaayeen kuwo aan caadi ahayn oo aysan dadkoo dhan fahmi karin. Wuxuu ahaa mid kamid dadkii ugu dabci qallafsanaa ee dunida soo mara. Sidoo kale adam wuxuu caan ku ahaa deeqsinnimo iyadoo aan tusaale usoo qaadan karno mar uu adam iska casilay shaqo uu ka hayay iskuul ayuu muujiyay deeqsinnimo ay adagtahay inuu qof shaqo ka tagay muujiyo wuxuuna dib ugu celiyay ardayduu macallinka u ahaa fiigoodii laga qaaday laakiin nasiib xumo ardaydiisa ayaa ka diiday inay lacagta kala noqdaan.
Adam wuxuu aaminsanaa dhaqanka ah isla hadalka isagoo waqti badan isla sheekaysan jirey ilaa yaraantiisii. Waqtiyada qaar waxaa dhici jirtay in la arko isaga oo dhoolacaddaynaya keligiis.

Waxbarashadii Adam
Adam wuxuu ku dhashay magaalada Kirkcaldy, Scotland. Aabihiis Smith wuxuu ahaa garyaqaan. Nasiib darro Smith wuxuu dhintay labo bilood kadib dhalashadii Adam. Taas ayaa adam ka dhigtay wiil hooyadiis Margaret Douglas aad ugu dhow. Hooyo Margaret waxay ahayd hooyo aad u jecel uguna dhow wiilkeeda taas oo keentay inay kasoo qorto iskuulkii ugu fiicnaa markaas deegaanka (Burgh School of Kirkcaldy) halkaas oo uu si fiican ugu bartay qoraalka, xisaabta iyo taariikhda.
Adam markii danbe wuxuu falsafadda ka bartay University of Glasgow. Intaas kadib wuxuu ku biiray Balliol College oo uu ka bartay suugaanta Yurub. Wuxuuna noqday ardaygii ugu sarreeyay kuleejkaas isla markaas ayuu deeq waxbarasho helay.
Kadib markuu qalinjibiyay adam wuxuu noqday muxaadir fagaarayaal badan ka hadla oo cilmigiisa dadka u faaiideeya.
Wuxuu noqday Professor of Moral Philosophy sanadkii 1751. Wuxuuna qorey buug la dhaho 
Theory of MoralSentiments’ isla sannadihii uu qelinjibiyay. Kadib wuxuu kamid noqday culimada looga danbeeyo cilmiga falsafadda.

Muxuu soo siyaadayay?
Adam wuxuu soo siyaadiyay aragtiyo badan oo dhaqaale iyo kuwo falsafadeed. Dhanka falsafadda wuxuu ka qoray buugaan ah The theory of MoralSentiments.
Cilmiga dhaqaalaha wuxuu ka qoray buug la dhaho The Wealth of Nations oo la daabacay sanadkii 1776 kaasoo noqday buugga loogi iibsashada badanyahay noqdayna buug saameyn badan leh.
Aragtiyaha uu soo siyaadiyay waxaa kamid ah  suuqa xorta (free market), qeybinta shaqaaalaha (division of labour) iyo gacanta qarsoon (the "invisible hand")

Guulihii uu gaaray
Adam wuxuu qaatay magaca ah aabbaha dhaqaalaha casriga oo ah magic qiimo badan waana
guusha ugu weyn ee uu gaaray.

Noloshiisa gaar ka ah.
Adam waligiis ma uusan guursan. Wuxuu aad ugu dhawaa hooyadiis taasoo dhimatay 6 sano ka hor dhimashadiisii. Markuu dhimanay wuxuu ka shallaynayay inuusan waxbadan gaarin taasoo caddaynaysa sida uu u jeclaa inuu dunidaan wax kusoo siyaadiyo.

Dhimashadii Adam
Adam wuxuu dhintay sannaddii 1790 isaga oo jira 67 sano, wuxuuna ku dhintay magaaalada Edinburgh ee UK.


5 comments:

  1. Aad baan kaaga mahadcelinaya qoraalna aad nala wadaagtay, aad Baana wax uga ogaaday Adam smith
    Mahadsanid

    ReplyDelete
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  3. Mahadsanid wll waa qormo dhaxal gal ah

    ReplyDelete
  4. Mahadsanid wll.
    Aad ban wax uga faa'iidey, markale mahadsanid.

    ReplyDelete