“The first thing you have to know is yourself. A man who knows
himself can step outside himself and watch his own reactions like an observer.”
― Adam Smith.
Adam smih waxa
uu ahaa filoosoofar iyo dhaqaalayahan reer Scotland ah. Wuxuu dhashay sanadkii
1723, wuxuuna ku dhashay magaalada Kirkcaldy, Scotland.
Adam wuxuu horyaal u ahaa cilmiga dhaqaale
siyaasadeedka, sidoo kale waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inuu ahaa aabaha dhaqaalaha
casriga. Wuxuuna ka tirsanaa culimada madhabka dhaqaalaha ee Classical school.
Raadadka uu adam ka tagay waxaa ugu muhiimsan
buuggiisii ahaa ‘The Wealth of Nations’ oo kamid ah buugta dhaqaalaha ugu
muhiimsan. Inkastoo uu ku dhashay tuulo yar xariifnimadii iyo xeeldheeridiisa
qoraal waxaa yaraantiisii fahantay hooyadiis kadibna waxay isku dayday inay ka
caawiso inuu helo waxbarasho tayo leh si uu uga mirodhaliyo hibadiisa gaar ah.
Hooyadiis ayaa noqotay qofka ugu saameynta badnaa nolosha
adam. Adam dhaqankiisa iyo dabcigiisu waxay ahaayeen kuwo aan caadi ahayn oo
aysan dadkoo dhan fahmi karin. Wuxuu ahaa mid kamid dadkii ugu dabci
qallafsanaa ee dunida soo mara. Sidoo kale adam wuxuu caan ku ahaa deeqsinnimo
iyadoo aan tusaale usoo qaadan karno mar uu adam iska casilay shaqo uu ka hayay
iskuul ayuu muujiyay deeqsinnimo ay adagtahay inuu qof shaqo ka tagay muujiyo
wuxuuna dib ugu celiyay ardayduu macallinka u ahaa fiigoodii laga qaaday
laakiin nasiib xumo ardaydiisa ayaa ka diiday inay lacagta kala noqdaan.
Adam wuxuu aaminsanaa dhaqanka ah isla hadalka isagoo
waqti badan isla sheekaysan jirey ilaa yaraantiisii. Waqtiyada qaar waxaa dhici
jirtay in la arko isaga oo dhoolacaddaynaya keligiis.
Waxbarashadii Adam
Adam wuxuu ku dhashay magaalada Kirkcaldy, Scotland. Aabihiis Smith wuxuu ahaa garyaqaan. Nasiib darro
Smith wuxuu dhintay labo bilood kadib dhalashadii Adam. Taas ayaa adam ka
dhigtay wiil hooyadiis Margaret
Douglas aad ugu dhow. Hooyo
Margaret waxay ahayd hooyo aad u jecel uguna dhow wiilkeeda taas oo keentay
inay kasoo qorto iskuulkii ugu fiicnaa markaas deegaanka (Burgh School of Kirkcaldy) halkaas oo uu si fiican
ugu bartay qoraalka, xisaabta iyo taariikhda.
Adam markii danbe wuxuu falsafadda ka bartay University of Glasgow. Intaas kadib wuxuu ku biiray Balliol College oo uu ka bartay suugaanta Yurub. Wuxuuna noqday ardaygii ugu sarreeyay kuleejkaas isla markaas ayuu deeq waxbarasho helay.
Kadib markuu qalinjibiyay adam wuxuu noqday muxaadir fagaarayaal badan ka hadla oo cilmigiisa dadka u faaiideeya.
Wuxuu noqday Professor of Moral Philosophy sanadkii 1751. Wuxuuna qorey buug la dhaho
Theory of MoralSentiments’ isla sannadihii uu
qelinjibiyay. Kadib wuxuu kamid noqday culimada looga danbeeyo
cilmiga falsafadda.
Muxuu soo siyaadayay?
Adam wuxuu soo siyaadiyay aragtiyo badan oo dhaqaale
iyo kuwo falsafadeed. Dhanka falsafadda wuxuu ka qoray buugaan ah The theory of
MoralSentiments.
Cilmiga dhaqaalaha wuxuu ka qoray buug la dhaho The
Wealth of Nations oo la daabacay sanadkii 1776 kaasoo noqday buugga loogi
iibsashada badanyahay noqdayna buug saameyn badan leh.
Aragtiyaha uu soo siyaadiyay waxaa kamid ah suuqa xorta (free market), qeybinta
shaqaaalaha (division of labour) iyo gacanta qarsoon (the "invisible
hand")
Waxaa kale oo ka mid ah buugta uu
adam qoray The Wisdom of Adam Smith , Correspondence , Moral and Political Philosophy , The Essential Adam Smith iyo The Invisible Hand
Guulihii uu gaaray
Adam wuxuu qaatay magaca ah aabbaha dhaqaalaha
casriga oo ah magic qiimo badan waana
guusha ugu weyn ee uu gaaray.
Noloshiisa gaar ka ah.
Adam waligiis ma uusan guursan. Wuxuu aad ugu dhawaa
hooyadiis taasoo dhimatay 6 sano ka hor dhimashadiisii. Markuu dhimanay wuxuu
ka shallaynayay inuusan waxbadan gaarin taasoo caddaynaysa sida uu u jeclaa
inuu dunidaan wax kusoo siyaadiyo.
Dhimashadii Adam
Adam wuxuu dhintay sannaddii 1790 isaga oo jira 67 sano, wuxuuna ku dhintay magaaalada Edinburgh ee UK.
Aad baan kaaga mahadcelinaya qoraalna aad nala wadaagtay, aad Baana wax uga ogaaday Adam smith
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